VOLUME 16 NUMBER 2 (July to December 2023)

PSL%202021 vol14-no01-p12-28-Mikita%20and%20Padlan

SciEnggJ. 2023 16 (2) 367-376
available online: October 31, 2023

*Corresponding author
Email Address: smduque@up.edu.ph
Date received: February 16, 2023
Date revised: June 4, 2023
Date accepted: October 16, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54645/2023162OUQ-54

ARTICLE

Optimized green extraction method for the recovery of phenolics from bignay [Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng] pomace

Gilda Melanie O. Babaran1,2, Sheba Mae M. Duque*1, Claire S. Zubia1, and Florencio C. Reginio, Jr.1

1Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture
      and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
      College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
2Science Education Institute – Department of Science and
      Technology, DOST Compounds, General Santos Avenue, 1630,
      Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines

KEYWORDS: bignay pomace; response surface methodology; green extraction

The main objective of this research was to optimize a green extraction technique for the recovery of phenolic compounds from freeze-dried bignay [Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.] pomace. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to screen significant factors affecting the recovery of phenolic compounds from bignay pomace and Response Surface Methodology (RSM), specifically Box-Behnken design (BBD), was used to determine the optimum levels of the identified significant factors. The influence of solvent concentration (water/ethanol 0–100% [v/v]), sample concentration (1–15 % [w/v]), solvent pH (pH 2–7), incubation time (13–180 min), incubation temperature (30–70 °C), sonication time (0–90 min), and agitation (0–300 rpm) on the total phenolic compounds of the extract were investigated. The total monomeric anthocyanins, flavonoids, catechin contents, and antioxidant properties of the optimized extract were also determined. Results of PBD (adjusted R2= 0.9820) and BBD (adjusted R2= 0.8838) experiments were validated and the optimum conditions for phenolic compound extraction from bignay pomace were achieved with 10.41% sample in distilled water incubated at 30 °C for 13 min. Higher recovery of phenolics was attained when water was used as an extraction solvent under optimal extraction conditions. The bignay pomace extract features significant amounts of phenolic compounds and exhibits high antioxidant activities relative to other fruit peels reported in literature. The resulting extract is free of organic solvent residues and features significant polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant activities, indicating its potential as a functional food ingredient. This optimized green extraction method offers an economical and sustainable alternative for recovering phenolic compounds from bignay pomace.

© 2024 SciEnggJ
Philippine-American Academy of Science and Engineering