VOLUME 19 NUMBER 1 (January to June 2026)

A proposed instructional design model for developing learning materials in physics for Filipino learners

The purpose of this study was to develop an instructional model to guide the development of physics laboratory experiments to assist students in mastering difficult concepts of physics. The instructional materials are new laboratory activities that offer experiential learning to improve the learning outcomes of students in physics. To create these materials, the research determined the least mastered competencies in the senior high school physics curriculum and came up with corresponding laboratory experiments. The.study employed a qualitative research design. Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) with science teachers and interviews and perception surveys with purposively selected Grade 12 STEM students. The findings were that the REFLECT (Recognize the Concept, Engage and Explore, Facilitate Inquiry, Learn through Laboratory Execution, Evaluate and Explain, Communicate and Collaborate, and Think Critically and Apply) instructional model was used as a basis to create laboratory experiments that enhance conceptual comprehension and student engagement. Teacher and student interview qualitative data brought forth effective teaching practices such as interactive experiments. Survey findings attested to the fact that teachers and students deemed the instructional materials critical to enhancing the learning experience. These findings indicate that the REFLECT model is an efficient model to use in creating laboratory experiments. Its systematic approach improves the education of physics by promoting greater conceptual understanding, enhancing student interest, and enhancing academic performance. The REFLECT model offers an easy, student-centered pedagogy of physics that encourages active learning, discussion, and critical thinking. It provides an integrated model for developing instruction materials to enable bridging the gap between theory and practice. The research gives a contribution to science education by providing a workable model that could be embraced in future research and curriculum development studies.